Centralized photovoltaic systems involve building large-scale solar power plants in sun-rich, expansive areas to generate electricity for grid integration. Key advantages include low per-unit power generation costs, ease of centralized operation and maintenance, high land-use efficiency, and the ability to produce power efficiently at scale, significantly boosting the share of renewable energy in the grid. Typically built in deserts or Gobi regions, they avoid occupying high-value land resources and serve as a crucial pillar in achieving carbon peak and neutrality goals.